Mubikorwa byumusaruro wa Asfalt Kuvanga, akenshi hari ibintu bigira ingaruka kumiterere yayo. Kurugero, umukungugu wumufuka wa sitasiyo yubucuruzi ya Asfalt zizatera imyumvire yo kumara kumara kumvikana kubera umubare munini wuburebure bwumukungugu nu mukungugu. Kubwibyo, umukungugu ukwiye gufatwa neza kandi neza kugirango ukore ibikorwa bisanzwe kandi byujuje ibisabwa. Abakusanya umukungugu bafite ibyiza byinshi, nko guhuza n'imiterere, imiterere yoroshye n'ibikorwa bihamye, bityo bikoreshwa cyane mu kuvura imyuka. Ariko, haracyari amakosa menshi mu basoresha, kandi hagomba gufatwa ingamba zifatika zo kubukomeza mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro kugirango bigerweho neza.

[1]. Isesengura ryibiranga, Ihame ryakazi hamwe ningaruka Zibicuruzwa byabakoresha ibikapu
Abakusanya ivumbi ni ibikoresho byakoreshwaga kugirango barekure neza imyuka mugikorwa cya Asfalt buvanze. Mubisanzwe bikaba bigizwe na shingiro, igikonoshwa, urubuga rwicyumba cyashyizwemo, umufuka na pulse hamwe.
1. Ibiranga umukungugu wasaga. Abakusanya ivumbi bakunze gukoreshwa munganda zitanga umusaruro mu gihugu, ntabwo bitewe gusa n'umusaruro wigenga kandi watangajwe n'ubuzima bwa serivisi bw'abakozi b'umukungugu, ariko icy'ingenzi, bafite izindi nyungu. Ibyiza byihariye ni: Kimwe mu byiza abasoresha by'imifuka ni uko bafite imikorere yo gukuraho umukungugu mwinshi, cyane cyane yo kuvura umukungugu wa submirron. Kuberako ibisabwa kugirango ibintu bivunjire bitari hejuru cyane, ibirimo gaze n'umukungugu ntibigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mukungugu, bityo abasoresha b'imodoka birashobora gukoreshwa cyane. Byongeye kandi, kubungabunga no gusana abakoresha ivumbi byoroheje, kandi ibikorwa nabyo biroroshye kandi byoroshye.
2. Ihame ryakazi ryumukungugu. Ihame ryakazi ryabakoranyirizo ryumukungugu biroroshye. Mubisanzwe, umukungugu uri muri gaze yinyabibu urashobora kuvurwa neza numufuka wacyo. Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bufite imashini iyobora, mugihe rero mugihe cyo guhagarika umukungugu, umwuka mwiza uzasohora, kandi umukungugu wahagaritswe uzakusanyirizwa muri funnel hanyuma tukasohoka binyuze muri sisitemu ya sisitemu. Abakoresha ivumbi boroheje bakora kandi byoroshye gusenya no kubungabunga, kuburyo bikoreshwa cyane mugufata imyuka yibyuka bya kama.
3. Ibintu bireba abakumbirwa b'umufuka. Abakusanya igare ryimifuka bafite ubuzima buke, kandi kugirango bareke ubuzima bwumukungugu wumukungugu, amakosa agomba kuvaho mugihe gikwiye. Hariho ibintu bibiri bikunze kugira ingaruka kumikoreshereze isanzwe yumufuka-ubwoko bwabakorerwa umufuka, aribyo inshuro yo kuzamura ivumbi n'imigano. Inshuro zo gukuraho umukungugu zizagira ingaruka kumirimo ya serivisi yumufuka wumufuka. Inshuro nyinshi zizateza ibyangiritse kumufuka wakusanya umukungugu. Mubisanzwe, igice cyuburiganya cyo kuyungurura gikoreshwa kumufuka wo kuyungurura umukungugu kugirango wongere ubuzima bwa serivisi yumufuka wuyunguruzo. Kwita buri munsi igikapu bizagira ingaruka kandi mubuzima bwa serivisi bwumufuka wubwoko bwumufuka. Mubisanzwe, ingamba zimwe na zimwe zo gukumira, nko gukumira igikapu gitose, kubuza umufuka uhura nizuba ryinshi, kandi ribuza igikapu cyangirika. Byongeye kandi, mugihe cyumufuka, ubushyuhe bukabije bugomba kugera kubisanzwe bisanzwe. Gusa muri ubu buryo birashobora gukora neza k'umufuka w'umufuka w'umufuka ukekwa kandi ubuzima bwa serivisi bwayo bwongere.

[2]. Ibibazo bisanzwe mugukoresha abakumbirwa
1. Itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko mu gikapu ni hejuru cyane ariko ubushobozi bwo gukuraho umukungugu burake cyane.
(1) Abanduye hydrocarbon basigaye mumufuka. Inkomoko yumwanda wumufuka ntigomba kugenwa mugihe, kandi ibintu bigira ingaruka kubibazo bya lisansi. Niba lisansi iri mumufuka ari amavuta, ibibazo bitandukanye birashobora kubaho, cyane cyane kumavuta aremereye cyangwa amavuta. Ibyatsi byamavuta akenshi byiyongera kubera ubushyuhe buke bwo gutwika, amaherezo biganisha ku kubanza gutwikwa byuzuye, bityo biterwa no kwanduza ibikorwa nkibi bikaze, kandi ntibishyigikira kunoza imikorere yumufuka.
(2) Imbaraga zogusukura igikapu ntibihagije. Mubikorwa bisanzwe byo gukuraho umukungugu, imifuka ikusanya umukungugu igomba gusukurwa kenshi kugirango irinde itandukaniro ryimikiruro ryiyongera kubera isuku idahagije. Kurugero, mugushiraho kwambere, igihe gisanzwe pulse ni 0.25, intera isanzwe ya pulse ifite imyaka 15. Ariko, isuku idahagije yimifuka izagira ingaruka muburyo bwikibazo na grose, bikagabanya kwambara imifuka, bigabanya ubuzima bwumukungugu wumusaruro wa Asfa, no kugabanya imikorere yubwubatsi bwimbunda buvanze, no kugabanya imikorere yubwubatsi bwumuhanda.
2. Umukungugu uzasohoka mugihe cyo gukora isuku cya pulse mumufuka.
(1) Isuku ikabije yakandamis. Kubera ko hasukuye cyane umukungugu ku mufuka pulse, ntabwo byoroshye gukora ivumbi ryimifuka hejuru yumufuka, bigira ingaruka kumikorere isanzwe yimifuka, bigatuma itandukaniro ryimifuka ihindagurika ryumufuka ihindagurika ryaka. Isuku yumufuka pulse igomba kugabanuka neza kugirango hamenyekane neza ko itandukaniro ryungunike hagati ya 747 na 1245pa.
(2) Umufuka ntusimburwa mugihe kandi ugeze mu za bukuru. Ubuzima bwa serivisi yumufuka bugarukira. Hashobora kubaho ibibazo mugukoresha igikapu kubera impamvu zitandukanye, zigira ingaruka kumikorere isanzwe yumukungugu wumufuka, urwaye indwara ya chimique, ibikapu, nibindi. Kubwibyo, umufuka ugomba kugenzurwa buri gihe kandi umufuka ushaje ugomba gusimburwa mugihe kugirango umusaruro usanzwe wumusatsi wumusaruro wumufuka hanyuma utezimbere ubuziranenge.
3. Ruswa imifuka.
. Kwibanda ku buryo bukabije bizarangiza byoroshye imifuka yumukungugu, bigatera gusaza imifuka, bityo bigagabanya ubuzima bwa serivisi. Kubwibyo, ubushyuhe bwabakoresha imifuka bigomba kuyungurura kwirinda neza amazi muri bo, kuko dioxyde de yakozwe mugihe cyo gutwikwa na lisansi hamwe namazi meza azakora aside sulfuric, bikavamo kwiyongera kwa acide sulfuric muri lisansi. Muri icyo gihe, lisansi irimo kwibanda kuri sulfuru birashobora kandi gukoreshwa muburyo butaziguye.
(2) Ubushyuhe bwabakoranya imifuka iri hasi cyane. Kuberako umufuka uzasahura byoroshye amazi mugihe ubushyuhe buciriritse, kandi amazi yashizweho azatera ibice mumifuka muyungurura ingese, bigatera gusaza byihuse umukungugu. Muri icyo gihe, ibice bya ruswa bisigaye muyunguruzi by'imifuka bizakomera kubera amazi meza, byangiza ibice by'uruzinduko rw'abakandara no kuyungurura imifuka.

[3]. Komeza ibibazo bikunze kugaragara mugihe cyo kubahana umufuka
1. Gukemura neza hamwe na HydrocarBon Pollutants ikunze kugaragara mumufuka. Kuberako ubushyuhe bwa lisansi bufite hasi cyane, lisansi ntabwo yatwitse rwose, kandi umubare munini wa hydrocarbone. Kubwibyo, lisansi igomba gushyirwaho neza kugirango vino yayo igere 90ssu cyangwa hepfo, hanyuma intambwe ikurikira yo gutwika irakorwa.
2. Kora ikibazo cyikibazo cyumufuka udahagije. Kubera isuku idahagije yumufuka, umuvuduko ukabije ninzike yumufuka utandukiriye. Kubwibyo, intera ya pulse irashobora kubanza kugabanuka. Niba igitutu kigomba kwiyongera, kigomba kwemerwa ko igitutu cyikirere kitarenze 10Ma, bityo bigabanya kwambara igikapu no kwagura ubuzima bwa serivisi.
3. Kenya nikibazo cyo gukora isuku cyane ya pulse. Kuberako isuku ikabije ya pulse izagira ingaruka kumikorere isanzwe yumurongo wimifuka, birakenewe mugihe cyo gukora isuku, kandi ugabanye imbaraga z'umuvuduko ukabije, kandi ugabanye ko itandukaniro ryimiturire igenzurwa murwego rwa 747 ~ 1245pa, bityo bikagabanya impinja za Pulse.
4. Kora ikibazo cyumufuka ushaje mugihe gikwiye. Kuberako imifuka yibasiwe byoroshye nibisimba bisigaye, kandi ubushyuhe bwinshi mugihe cyo gukora bwihutisha kwambara imifuka yumukungugu, imifuka igomba kugenzurwa cyane no gusana buri gihe, kandi igasimburwa buri gihe kugirango ibikorwa bisanzwe byumukungugu.
5. Neza neza kwibanda kubice byimiti bya lisansi mumufuka. Ubushakashatsi bukabije bwibice bya shimi bizatera byinshi ku mifuka no kwihutisha gusaza ibice by'imifuka. Kubwibyo, kugirango wiyongereyeho kwiyongera mubitekerezo byimiti, birakenewe kugirango tugenzure neza amazi kandi dukore mu kongera ubushyuhe bwabakora ivumbi ryumukungugu.
6. Kora ikibazo cyo kwitiranya urujijo mu gipimo gitubahirize mu mufuka wa mukungugu. Kuberako habaho ubuhehere mu muyoboro wo mu gaciro mu gaciro umukungugu, hagamijwe kugabanya imiyoboro, umuyoboro utandukanye w'igikoresho cyo kuvura imyanda mu gihugu bigomba gukoreshwa n'umuyoboro w'igitutu gikomeye kandi cyizewe kigomba gukoreshwa.