Asfalt ni imvange yijimye-yumukara igizwe na hydrocarbone uburemere butandukanye bwa molekari hamwe nibigo byabo bitari imbaho. Nubwoko bwuzuye-busa. Ni amazi, afite ubuso bwirabura, kandi arashonje muri karubone. Gukoresha Asfalt: Ikoreshwa nyamukuru ni nkibikoresho remezo, ibikoresho fatizo na fuels. Ahantu hateganijwe harimo kwikorera (imihanda, gari ya moshi, indege, n'ibindi), imishinga y'amazi, inganda (inganda), gukoresha ishami.

Ubwoko bwa Asfalt:
1. Biratandukanye gusa nubwo byatunganijwe muburyo bwumubiri, kandi nta rubibi rugaragara. Uburyo rusange bwo gutondekanya ni uguteganya ko abafite aho bahurira munsi ya 26.7 ° C (Uburyo bwa Cubic) ni igicucu, n'abo bari hejuru ya 26.7 ° C ni Asfalt. Amakara Tar Disth arimo antthracene yoroshye, Pyrene, Pyrene, nibindi bintu bifite uburozi, kandi kubera ibikubiye muri ibi bice, imitungo yumurongo wamakara nayo iratandukanye nayo. Guhindura ubushyuhe bugira ingaruka zikomeye kumakara tar tar. Bikunze guhurizanya mu gihe cy'itumba noroshye mu cyi. Ifite impumuro idasanzwe iyo ashyushye; Nyuma yamasaha 5 yo gushyushya 260 ° C, Lanacene, Fenanthrene, Pyrene nibindi bice bikubiye muri byo bizaguhira.

2. Petroleum Asfalt. Petroleum asfalt ni ibisigisigi nyuma yo gutandukanya amavuta adasanzwe. Ukurikije urwego rwo gutunganya, ruhinduka amazi, igice kinini cyangwa gikomeye mubushyuhe bwicyumba. Petroleum asfalt ni umukara kandi funga kandi ufite ubushyuhe bwinshi. Kubera ko yagereranije ubushyuhe hejuru ya 400 ° C mugihe cyibikorwa, ikubiyemo ibice bike bihindagurika, ariko harashobora kubaho hydrocarbone nyinshi, kandi ibyo bintu biracyangiza ubuzima bwabantu.

3. Asfalt Kamere. Asfalt karemano yabitswe munsi yubutaka, kandi hari amabuye y'agaciro cyangwa akusanya hejuru yinkoni yisi. Byinshi muribi asfalt byahuye numwuka wubusanzwe, kandi muri rusange ntabwo birimo uburozi ubwo aribwo bwose. Ibikoresho bya Asfalt bigabanyijemo ibyiciro bibiri: asfalt yubutaka na tay asfalt. Ubutaka Asfalt bugabanijwemo Asfalt na Petroleum Asfalt. Asfalt karemano ni ibisigisigi nyuma yo guhura igihe kirekire no guhumeka amavuta asohoka mu butaka; Petroleum asfalt nibicuruzwa byabonetse mukuvura peteroli isigaye bisigaye uhereye kuri peteroli itunganijwe kandi itunganijwe binyuze muburyo bukwiye. . Tar Ikibanza nigicuruzwa gisubirwamo cya tar yakuwe mu kanwa k'amakara, ibiti n'ibindi bikoresho.

Umubare munini wa asfalt ukoreshwa mubuhanga ni peteroli asfalt, ni uruvange rwa hydrocarbone hamwe nibikorwa byabo bitari imbaho. Mubisanzwe flash yerekana asfalt iri hagati ya 240 ℃ ~ 330 ℃, hamwe ninkumi yo gutwika ni 3 ℃ ~ 6 ℃ hejuru kurenza flash point, niko ubushyuhe bwubwubatsi bugomba kugenzurwa hano.