. Ubuyobozi bwibikoresho bibisi bikubiyemo uburyo bwo kwemeza ubuziranenge n'umutekano wibikoresho bibisi mubice byose byububiko, ubwikorezi, gupakurura no gupakurura, no kugenzura.
1.1 Gucunga no gutoranya ibikoresho bya Asfalt
1.1.1 Gucunga ubuziranenge bwibikoresho bya Asfalt
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1.1.2 Gutoranya ibikoresho bya Asfalt
(1) Gutoragura ibikoresho bya Asfalt bigomba kwemeza ko uhagarariye ingero zifatika. Ibigega bya Asfalt bigomba kuba bifite indangagaciro kandi byihuta ntibigomba gufatwa hejuru yikigega cya Asfalt. Mbere yo gutoranya, litiro 1.5 za asfalt zigomba kwomeka kugirango zikureho abanduye kuva ku mpano n'imiyoboro.
(2) Ikintu cyicyitegererezo kigomba kuba gifite isuku kandi cyumye. Ikirangantego neza.
1.2 Ububiko, Ubwikorezi no Gucunga Ibiterankunga
(1) Igiteranyo kigomba gutondekwa kurubuga rukomeye, rusukuye. Urubuga rwifatizo rugomba kugira amazi meza nisoko. Guteranya neza bigomba gutwikirwa umwenda uhindagurika, kandi igiteranyo cyibisobanuro bitandukanye bigomba gutandukana nurukuta rwo kugabana. Iyo ibikoresho bihagaze na buldozer, byakagombye kumenya ko ubunini bwa buri gice kitagomba kurenza 1.2m. Guhungabanya igiterane bigomba kugabanywa mugihe fatijwe na bulldozer, kandi ikirundo ntigikwiye gusukwa mu ndege imwe.
. Gusa nyuma yo kugaragazwa nujuje ibisabwa birashobora kwemerwa kurubuga rwo gufatanya, kandi hazatangwa ifishi yo kwakira. Ibipimo byose byerekana ubugenzuzi bwibintu bugomba kubahiriza ibisobanuro nibisabwa na nyirabyo. Mugihe cyubwubatsi, ibiranga amanota yikigereranyo bigomba gukurikiranwa buri gihe kandi bikurikiranwa kugirango impinduka.

[2]. Kubaka ifu ya cowder, minerval na sisitemu yo gutanga Asfalt
. Iyo gupakira, indobo yinjijwe mu kirundo igomba gutondekwa hejuru hamwe no guterana amagambo, hanyuma usubire inyuma. Ntukoreshe gucukura uzunguruka indobo bigabanya ubumwe.
. Umucuruzi ucuruza agomba guhorana buri kintu gikonje bin byuzuye kugirango wirinde kuvanga mugihe cyo gupakira.
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(5). Ifu ya Ore igomba gukumirwa no gukuramo ubushuhe no guhubuka. Kubera iyo mpamvu, umwuka ufunzwe wakoreshwaga kuri arch kumara kumara gutandukana namazi mbere yuko akoreshwa. Ifu mu ifu ya ore igikoresho kigaburira bigomba gusiba nyuma yo kurangiza umushinga.
. Mugihe utangiye pompe ya Asfalt, valet ya peteroli zigomba gufungwa kandi zemerewe kuba ubusa. Tangira, hanyuma ukingure buhoro buhoro valet valed kandi buhoro buhoro. Ku iherezo ryakazi, pompe ya asfalt igomba guhindurwa muminota mike yo guta asfalt mumuyoboro usubira muri tank ya asfalt.
[3]. Kubaka sisitemu yo gukama no gushyushya
. Gutwika bigomba gukongerwa kandi silinderi igomba gushyimburwa n'umuriro muto kuminota 5 kugeza 10 mbere yo gupakira. Iyo gupakira, amafaranga y'ibiryo agomba kwiyongera buhoro buhoro. Dukurikije ubushyuhe bwibikoresho bishyushye ku cyambu gishyushye, ubunini bwa peteroburo bwiyongereye buhoro buhoro kugeza imiterere yumusaruro wagenwe nubushyuhe buhamye bugerwaho mbere yo guhinduranya muburyo bwikora.
. Umufana washizwemo agomba gukomeza gukuramo umwuka, hanyuma akaceceka nyuma yingoma ikonje rwose. Imashini igomba gufungwa buhoro buhoro muburyo bumwe kumpera yumurimo.
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. Muri iki gihe, intoki zigomba gukoreshwa hamwe nubushuhe busigaye bwibikoresho bishyushye bigomba kugenzurwa. Niba ari hejuru cyane, amajwi yumusaruro agomba kugabanuka.
6) Ibirimo bisigaye byimanza zishyushye bigomba kugenzurwa buri gihe, cyane cyane muminsi yimvura. Ibirimo bisigaye bigomba kugenzurwa munsi ya 0.1%.
(7) ubushyuhe bwa gaze budakwiye kuba hejuru cyane cyangwa hasi cyane. Muri rusange bigenzurwa ahagana mu 135 ~ 180 ℃. Niba ubushyuhe bwa gaze isukuye buguma hejuru kandi ubushyuhe bugenda bugeraho abikesheje, ahanini biterwa nubushuhe hejuru bwibikoresho bikonje. Umuyoboro wumusaruro ugomba kugabanuka mugihe.
(8) Itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko hagati yimbere no hanze yumukungugu wumufuka ugomba kubungabungwa murwego runaka. Niba itandukaniro ryungunike ari rinini cyane, bivuze ko igikapu cyahagaritswe cyane, kandi umufuka ukeneye gutunganywa no gusimburwa mugihe.
[4]. Kubaka ibikoresho bishyushye no kubika sisitemu
. Niba usanga ibikoresho byo kwigurika hejuru ya ecran ari hejuru cyane, bigomba guhagarara no guhinduka.
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. Ibiryo by'ibiciro bimwe ntibigomba kwiyongera bitunguranye, bitabaye ibyo gutanga amanota yo gukusanya cyane.
[5]. Kubaka kugenzura kuri metero yo kuvanga na sisitemu
. Imashini imaze gufungura buri munsi kandi akazi gahamye, amakuru aremereye agomba gucapurwa ubudahwema amasaha 2, kandi amakosa yayo atunganijwe namakosa adasanzwe agomba gusesengurwa. Niba usanga ibisabwa birenze ibisabwa, imikorere ya sisitemu igomba kugenzurwa mugihe, impamvu zigomba gusesengurwa, kandi bagomba kuvaho.
(2) Sisitemu yo kuvanga ntigomba guhagarara mugihe cyo kuvanga. Iyo ibikoresho bivanze bihagarika gukora mugihe utegereje ikamyo, imvange mubigega bivanze bigomba gusiba.
. Mubisanzwe, gukusanya hamwe na hamwe-byiza bigomba gukoreshwa mugukaraba inshuro 1 kugeza 2 buri umwe.
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. gutandukanya ububiko.
6) Mugihe upakurura ibicuruzwa bivuye mu bicuruzwa byarangiye silo kugeza ku gikamyo, ikamyo ntiyemewe kugenda mugihe ipakurura ariko igomba gupakururwa mu kirundo. Bitabaye ibyo, hazabaho ubukure. Abashoferi b'amakamyo nabo ntibemerewe kongeramo ibintu bike kuri ikirundo kugirango bagere kubushobozi bwatanzwe. yo kuvanga.
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(8) Iyo upakurura ibikoresho kumakamyo, ntabwo byemewe gupakurura hagati yikamyo. Ibikoresho bigomba gusezererwa imbere yikamyo, hanyuma inyuma, hanyuma ugana hagati.
[6]. Kuvanga kugenzura imvange ya asfalt
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(2) Gushyushya ubushyuhe bwa asfalt. Ihuriro rya Asfalt ryujuje amahame yo kuvoma no gusohora rimwe kandi birashobora kuzuza ibisabwa ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa Asfalt Igice cya 160 ° C na 170 ° C hamwe nubushyuhe bwo gushyushya amabuye y'agaciro hagati ya 170 ° C na 180 ° C.
. Igihe cyo kuvanga kigenzurwa amasegonda 5 kugirango kivange n'amasegonda 40 kugirango uvange (bisabwa na nyirayo).
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[7]. Kugenzura ubushyuhe mugihe cyo kubaka imvange ya Asfalt
Ubushyuhe bwo kugenzura ububiko bwa asfalt burqult buvanze nkuko bigaragara ku mbonerahamwe ikurikira.
Izina ryubushyuhe rya buri gice cyo kugenzura ubushyuhe bwa buri nzira
Ubushyuhe bwa Asfalt Heating 160 ℃ ~ 170 ℃
Amabuye y'agaciro yo gushyushya ubushyuhe 170 ℃ ~ 180 ℃
Ubushyuhe bwuruganda bwivanga biri murwego rusanzwe rwa 150 ℃ ~ 165 ℃.
Ubushyuhe bwo Kuvanze bitwarwaga kurubuga ntigishobora kuba munsi ya 145 ℃
Gutanga ubushyuhe 135 ℃ ~ 165 ℃
Ubushyuhe bwumushuka ntabwo ari munsi ya 130 ℃
Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru nyuma yo kuzunguruka ntabwo ari munsi ya 90 ℃
Fungura ubushyuhe bwumuhanda ntabwo burenze 50 ℃
[8]. Gupakira amakamyo yo gutwara ku gihingwa cyo kuvanga Asfalt
Ibinyabiziga bitwara imvange ya Asfalt birasa na 15t, bisaba ibisabwa mu bushyuhe bw'igihangange, kandi bikaba bitwikiriwe n'amaduka ya tarpaulin mugihe cyo gutwara abantu. Kugirango wirinde asfalt yo kwizirika kuri gare, nyuma yo gusukura parike yo hepfo no kuruhande rwa gare yamavuta yamashanyarazi n'amazi (1: 3) Kuruhande rwicyuma kitagira ikinanga, kandi usukure ibiziga.
Iyo upakiye ikamyo yibikoresho kuri Port yo gusezererwa, igomba kwimura umwanya parikingi inyuma no hanze muburyo bwimbere, inyuma no hagati. Ntigomba kunganirwa hejuru kugirango igabanye gutandukanya kandi iteze amano. Imodoka imaze gupakirwa kandi ubushyuhe bupimwa, imvange ya Asfalt ihita itwikira tapaulin igateganyo kandi itwarwa kurubuga rwa pang neza.
Ukurikije isesengura ryuburyo bwo kubaka no ku ngamba zo gucunga amazu ya asfalt