Inzoka zivanze insfalt wongeyeho imashini zifasha zirashobora kuzuza inzira yumusaruro uvanze kuva muburyo bwa asfalt kuva mubikoresho fatizo kubikoresho byarangiye. Kamere yayo ihwanye nuruganda ruto. Kubijyanye nuburyo bwumusaruro wigihingwa cya asfalt, turavuga muri make ibintu bigira ingaruka kumiterere yumusaruro muri 4m1e dukurikije uburyo gakondo, ni ukuvuga umuntu, ibikoresho, uburyo n'ibidukikije. Igenzura rikomeye ryigenga kuri ibi bintu, guhindura nyuma yo kugenzura kugirango ugenzure, kandi uhindure ucungwa kubisubizo byo gucunga ibintu. Ibyiringiro bigira ingaruka ku buryo bukurikira:

1. Abakozi (Umuntu)
.) Mu gihe cyo gukora, Ishami ribishinzwe ritanga gahunda z'umusaruro uteganijwe, kandi ugenzura ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'amategeko n'amabwiriza ateganijwe, kandi agahuza urukurikirane rw'imikorere yo gushyigikira umusaruro, nko gutanga ibintu byarangiye, Gutunganya ibikoresho, hamwe no gutera inkunga ibikoresho.
(2) Abakozi bahanganye na tekiniki bagira uruhare rukomeye muburyo bwo kubyara. Bagomba kuyobora no guhuza imirimo yimyanya itandukanye yumusaruro, basobanukiwe neza imikorere ya tekiniki n'amahame yakazi y'ibikoresho, komeza ibitekerezo byinshi ku bikorwa by'ibikoresho, bikagaragaza neza imikorere y'ibikoresho, bikagaragaza neza ingaruka zimpanuka zabaye kandi zigena imiterere y'impanuka. Tegura ibikoresho byo gusana ibikoresho no kubungabunga na sisitemu. Imvange ya Asfalt igomba gukorwa hakurikijwe ibipimo bya tekiniki bisabwa na "Ibisobanuro bya tekiniki", namakuru nka Greatit akwiye guhindurwa mugihe gikwiye, kandi amakuru ya peteroli akwiye kugandurwa abakora kandi amashami ajyanye kugirango hakorerwe ibikenewe.
. Mubuyobozi bw'abakozi ba tekinike, bakora ukurikije igice hanyuma ukurikize uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo kubwoko butandukanye.
(4) Ibisabwa kubwoko bwakazi bufasha mu ruganda rwa Asfalt: ① Amashanyarazi. Birakenewe kumenya imikorere no gukoresha ibikoresho byose byamashanyarazi, kandi bipima buri gihe ibipimo bitandukanye; Kugira gusobanukirwa imbaraga zisumbuye, guhindura no gukwirakwiza, no guhura kenshi. Kubijyanye no gutangiza amashanyarazi nibindi bihe, abakozi bireba hamwe namashami yigiti cya Asfalt bagomba kumenyeshwa mbere.
② BoileMeman. Mugihe utanga imvange ya ASPHALT, ni ngombwa kubahiriza imitekerereze yigihe icyo aricyo cyose kandi wumve ibigega bya peteroli, amavuta yoroheje n'amazi ya asfalt. Iyo ukoresheje asfalt bashonga, birakenewe gutegura irtolt yo gukuraho barrel (mugihe ukoresheje induru yatumijwe mu mahanga) no kugenzura ubushyuhe bwa Asfalt.
Umukozi. Gukurikiranira hafi uburyo bwo gutwara abantu ubukonje, reba niba ecran ya gratifit ku bikoresho bikonje bihagarikwa, bihita byerekana ibikoresho kunanirwa no kumenyesha abagenzuzi n'abakora igihe cyo kurandura burundu. Nyuma yo gufunga buri munsi, kora gahunda zikoreshwa mu bikoresho kandi wongere ubwoko butandukanye bwo gusiga amavuta. Ibice byingenzi bigomba kuzuzwa amavuta yo gusiga buri munsi (nko kuvanga ibigo, abafana bakururwa), hamwe na peteroli yo kunyeganyeza ecran na compressors zigomba gusuzumwa buri munsi. Niba amavuta yo gusiga yuzuyemo abanyamwuga nkabakozi bimukira, bigomba kwemerwa ko buri mwobo wuzuye amavuta yuzuye kugirango wirinde imigabane.
Umuyobozi wa ④data. Inshingano yo gucunga amakuru no guhindura akazi. Gumana neza amakuru ya tekiniki, inyandiko zibishinzwe hamwe namakuru yifashishwa nibisobanuro bikenewe mu gucunga ubuziranenge no kubuza imikorere isanzwe yimashini. Nicyo gikora voucher yumwimerere gushiraho dosiye tekinike kandi itanga ishingiro ryicyemezo cyo gufata ibyemezo.
Umushoferi. Tugomba gukora cyane akazi kandi tugashyiraho ingengabitekerezo ifite ubuzima bwuruganda. Iyo ibikoresho byo gupakira, birabujijwe rwose gushyira ibikoresho mububiko butari bwo cyangwa wuzuze ububiko. Iyo ubitse ibikoresho, igice cyibikoresho kigomba gusigara hepfo yibikoresho kugirango wirinde ubutaka.

2. Imashini
. Nta Ihuza rishobora kunanirwa, bitabaye ibyo ntibizashoboka kubyara ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa. y'ibikoresho byarangiye. Kubwibyo, ubuyobozi no kubungabunga ibikoresho bya mashini ni ngombwa.
. Yerekeza ku ngoma yumisha. Ibuye rishyuha n'umuriro wakozwe na sisitemu yo gutwika amavuta yo gushyushya amavuta mu ngoma yumisha. Mugihe cyo gushyushya, sisitemu yo gukuraho umukungugu itangiza umwuka kugirango ukureho umukungugu wo gukusanya. Ibikoresho bishyushye byubukungu byakuwe kuri sisitemu yo gusuzuma ukoresheje lift yindobo yindobo. Nyuma yo gusuzuma, igiteranyo cyinzego zose kibikwa mumashusho ashyushye. Buri giterankunga gipimwa ku gaciro kijyanye no kuvanga kuvanga. Muri icyo gihe, ifu ya minerval na asfalt nayo yapimwe ku gaciro isabwa kugirango ivange. Noneho igiteranyo, ifu ya ore hamwe na asfalt (fibre yimbaho ​​zigomba kongerwa kumurongo wo hejuru) bashyizwe mu nkono zivanze hanyuma ukangurwa mugihe runaka cyo kuba ibikoresho byuzuye byujuje ibisabwa byujuje ibisabwa byujuje ibisabwa byujuje ibisabwa byujuje ibisabwa byujuje ibisabwa byujuje ibisabwa byujuje ibisabwa byujuje ibisabwa byujuje ibisabwa byujuje ibintu.
(3) Ahantu havanze ni ngombwa cyane. Niba gukoresha amashanyarazi bishobora kwemezwa, niba voltage ihagaze, niba inzira yo gutanga isoko yoroshye, nibindi, igomba gusuzumwa neza.
. Imbaraga zirakomeye, kandi amashanyarazi asanzwe kandi atateganijwe bibaho rimwe na rimwe. Guha ibikoresho bya generator byashyizweho hamwe nubushobozi bukwiye mu ruganda ruvanze kirakenewe kugirango umusaruro usanzwe uvange.
(5) Kugirango tumenye ko uruganda ruvanze ruhora mumiterere myiza, ibikoresho bigomba gusanwa neza kandi bikomeza. Mugihe cyo guhagarika, gufata neza no kugenzura bigomba gukorwa hakurikijwe ibisabwa byigitabo cyibikoresho. Imirimo yo kubungabunga igomba gukorwa na injeniyeri y'amashanyarazi na injeniyeri. Abakozi bagize uruhare hamwe nibikoresho bagomba kuba bamenyereye amahame y'imashini. Mu rwego rwo gukumira amabuye akomeye kwinjiza ibikoresho, ibikoresho bikonje bigomba gusudikurwa na (10cmx10cm ya ecran ya grid. Ubwoko bwose bwibihimbaro bugomba kuzuzwa nabakozi bitanze, bagenzuwe kenshi, kandi babungabungwa kurwego rusanzwe rwo gukora isuku nubufatanye. Kurugero, urugi rwibicuruzwa byarangiye rushobora gufungurwa no gufunga byoroshye mugutera mazutu ntoya nyuma yo gufungwa buri munsi. Urundi rugero, niba urugi ruvanze rudafunguye kandi rufunga neza, ruzanagira ingaruka kubisohoka. Ugomba gutera mazutu ntoya hanyuma ugakuramo asfalt. Kubungabunga neza ntibizagura gusa ubuzima bwa serivisi nibigize, ahubwo binazigama ibiciro no guteza imbere inyungu zubukungu.
. Kuberako ubushobozi bwo kubika asfalt burplet bugarukira, birakenewe gukomeza gushyikirana neza numuhanda hejuru kandi usobanukiwe n'ivanga ryivanze kugirango wirinde igihombo kidakenewe.
(7) Birashobora kugaragara mubikorwa byo gukora ibibazo byo gutwara abantu bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumisaruro. Imodoka zo gutwara abantu ziratandukanye mubunini n'umuvuduko. Imodoka nyinshi cyane zizatera ubwinshi, imvururu, na queue ikomeye. Ibinyabiziga bike cyane bizatera uruganda ruvanze gufunga kandi bisaba koherezwa, bigira ingaruka kubisohoka, imikorere, nibikoresho byubuzima. Kuberako sitasiyo yo kuvanga irakosowe kandi ibisohoka birahagaze, ahantu hahanagurika hahinduka impinduka nziza muri gahunda nziza yo guteganya ibinyabiziga no guhuza umubare wibinyabiziga byafunzwe nibice nibice byo hanze.

3. Ibikoresho
Coarse kandi nziza, ifu yamabuye, asfalt, amavuta aremereye, amavuta yoroheje, ibikoresho byoroheje, nibindi. Nibintu byumubiri byo gukora igihingwa cyamazi. Hashingiwe ku kwemeza gutanga ibikoresho fatizo, imbaraga, n'ibikoresho, birakenewe kugira ngo ugenzure neza ibisobanuro byabo, ubwoko, n'ubwiza, no gushiraho uburyo bwo gutoranya no kugerageza ibikoresho fatizo mbere yo gutumiza. Kugenzura ubwiza bwibikoresho fatizo nurufunguzo rwo kugenzura ubwiza bwibikoresho byarangiye.
(1) Igiteranyo. Guteranya birashobora kugabanywa kandi neza. Umubare wacyo mu ruvange rwa Asfalt kandi ireme ryayo zifite ingaruka zikomeye ku bwiza, kubaka no ku murongo wa kaburimbo ya Asfalt kuvanga imvange. Imbaraga, zambare agaciro, kumenagura agaciro, gushishoza, amanota yubunini bungana nibindi bipimo byigiteranyo bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa byingenzi bya "ibisobanuro bya tekiniki". Ikibuga cyo kubika kigomba kunangira ibikoresho bikwiye, byubatswe hamwe nurukuta rwicapura, kandi rwamanutse muri sitasiyo. Iyo ibikoresho biri mubikorwa byiza, ibisobanuro biterankunga, ibikubiyemo, ibikubiyemo, gutanga amajwi, nibindi bintu byingenzi bigira ingaruka kumisaruro. Rimwe na rimwe, igiteranyo kirimo amabuye manini, gishobora gutuma icyambu gipakurura kizahagarikwa kandi umukandara ugomba gukubitwa. Gusudira ecran no kohereza umuntu kubireba bishobora gukemura ikibazo. Ingano yinshi ryabagore bamwe ntabwo bujuje ibisabwa. Iyo ukumisha igiteranyo mugihe runaka, imyanda iriyongereye, igihe cyo gutegereza cyo gupima cyagutse, hararenga cyane, kandi igihe cyo kuramya cyarangiye cyane. Ibi ntibitera guta ingufu gusa, ahubwo bigabanya cyane ibisohoka kandi bigira ingaruka kumikorere. Ubushuhe bwo kunyerera nyuma yo kwivuza, bigoye ku rukuta rwingoma, rutera ibibazo byuzuye Kubera ko umusaruro wamabuye muri societe udateganijwe, kandi ibimenyetso byimihanda nyabagendwa nibikoresho byubwubatsi biratandukanye na kariyeri yamabuye akenshi ntabwo ihuye nibisobanuro bisabwa, kandi itangwa akenshi rirenga icyifuzo. Ibisobanuro bimwe bya Acgretret byagize ububiko bwa Xinthe Exprobwn, bityo ibisobanuro byihariye nibikoresho bigomba gufatwa nibikoresho byateguwe mbere.
(2) amashanyarazi, amavuta yoroheje, amavuta menshi na mazutu. Ingufu nyamukuru zakozwe nuruganda ruvanze ni amashanyarazi, amavuta yoroheje, amavuta menshi na mazutu. Amashanyarazi ahagije kandi voltage ihamye ni ingwate zumusaruro. Nibyiza kuvugana nishami ryimbaraga vuba bishoboka kugirango usobanure ibiyobyabwenge, igihe cyo gukoresha imbaraga ninshingano nuburenganzira bwo gutanga no gusaba amashyaka yombi. Amavuta aremereye n'amavuta yoroheje ni isoko ingufu zo gushyushya, gushyushya. Ibi bisaba kwemeza amavuta yo gutanga amasoko aremereye kandi ya mazutu.
(3) kubika ibikoresho bigize ibice. Mugihe ugura ibikoresho, tubishaka kugura ibice byingenzi nibikoresho bitarimo abasimbuye murugo. Ibice bimwe byambaye (nk'ibirungo by'ibikoresho, valenoid valves, imyigaragambyo, nibindi) igomba kubikwa mububiko. Ibice bimwe byatumijwe mu mahanga bigira ingaruka kubintu bitandukanye kandi ntibishobora kugurwa muriki gihe. Niba biteguye, ntibashobora gukoreshwa, kandi niba batateguwe, bagomba gusimburwa. Ibi bisaba abatekinisiye b'ubuhanga bakoresha ubwonko bwabo bwinshi kandi basobanukirwa neza ibintu nyirizina. Ubwubatsi nabahanga tekinike ushinzwe ubuvugizi kandi amashanyarazi ntibagomba guhinduka kenshi. Ikidodo kimwe, gaskes hamwe ningingo zitunganizwa wenyine kandi ibisubizo nibyiza cyane.

4. Uburyo
. Mbere yo gutangira umusaruro, imyiteguro y'ibikoresho, imashini, n'inzego z'ubuyobozi zigomba gukorwa. Iyo dutangiye kubyara umusaruro, tugomba kwitondera imicungire yurubuga rwo gutunganya, tugahore tugize igice cyumuhanda, twemeza ibisobanuro hamwe nubwinshi bwivangwa neza, kandi tugashyiraho itumanaho ryiza.
. Witondere cyane ubwiza bwakazi bwa buri mwanya kugirango umenye neza inzira yose yumusaruro wa Asfalt uvanze. Gushiraho no kunoza uburyo bwo gucunga umutekano hamwe ningamba zo kurinda umutekano. Amanika Ibimenyetso byo kuburira umutekano kubice byose byandura hamwe nibice byamashanyarazi byigihingwa cya asfalt. Tanga ibikoresho byo kurwanya umuriro, shyira imyanya n'abakozi, kandi bibuza abakozi badakora kutinjira mu kubaka. Ntamuntu numwe wemerewe kuguma cyangwa kwimuka munsi ya trolley. Mugihe ushyushya kandi upakira asfalt, kwitabwaho bidasanzwe bigomba kwishyurwa kugirango wirinde abakozi gukandagira. Ibikoresho byo gukumira nko gukaraba ifu bigomba gutegurwa. Ibikoresho byo kurinda amababa neza bigomba gushyirwaho kugirango birinde ibikoresho byamashanyarazi, imashini, nibindi bibasirwa numurabyo wibasiye no kugira ingaruka kumusaruro.
. Umusaruro wigihingwa kuvanga akenshi ukomeza, kandi ishami rya interineti rigomba gukora akazi keza kugirango abakozi bakora imirongo yimbere bashobore kurya kandi bafite imbaraga nyinshi zo kwitangira kubaka no gutanga umusaruro.
. Shiraho laboratoire yujuje igenzura risanzwe ryubwubatsi no kuyiha ibikoresho byinshi bigezweho. Mbere yo gutangira imashini, ugenzure ibintu byihuta nibindi bipimo byibikoresho mububiko, hanyuma ubahe mubyandikira umukoresha nkishingiro ryumukoresha kugirango uhindure amanota nubushyuhe. Ibikoresho byarangiye byakozwe burimunsi bigomba gukurwa no kugenzurwa kuri inshuro ziteganijwe muri "Igipimo cya tekiniki" kugirango ugenzure amanota yabo, igipimo cya peteroli, ubushyuhe n'ibindi bipimo byo kuvugurura umuhanda no kugenzura. Ingero za Marshall zigomba gutegurwa buri munsi kugirango umenye ubucucike bwibitabo bwo gukoresha mukubara pavement, kimwe no kubara igipimo cyubusa, kuzungura nibindi bipimo. Igikorwa cy'ikizamini ni ngombwa kandi nimwe mu mashami ayobora umusaruro wose. Amakuru ya tekinike agomba kwegeranya kugirango yitegure kugenzura imiringa no kwemerwa.

5. Ibidukikije
Ibikorwa byiza ni ibintu byingenzi byibikorwa bisanzwe byigihingwa kuvanga.
(1) Mugihe cyo gukora, urubuga rugomba gusukurwa buri munsi. Menya neza ko buri modoka yatewe na Diesel ikwiye kugirango ibuze imvange ya Asfalt yo kwizirika kumodoka. Imihanda yo mu gikari igifuniko igomba kubikwa, kandi ibinyabiziga byo kugaburira n'abacuruza bigomba kuba ku mpande zombi z'ikirundo.
(2) Akazi k'abakozi, ibidukikije, n'ibikoresho byo gukoreramo ni ibintu by'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku musaruro. Uturere dufite ikirere gishyushye, ni ikizamini cyo gutanga ibikoresho n'abakozi. Imbaraga zidasanzwe zigomba gushyirwaho kugirango zibuze abakozi bashuruka, kandi ibyumba bishya byikigo bigomba gushyirwaho. Ibyumba bifite ikarito ikonjesha, bizafasha kwemeza ko abakozi baruhuka.
(3) Bizirikana cyane. Mbere yo kubaka urubuga, hagomba guhabwa ibikoresho byuzuye ku bwikorezi, amashanyarazi, ingufu, ibikoresho n'ibindi bintu.

6. UMWANZURO
Muri make, ibintu byingenzi bireba ubuziranenge bwimikorere yo kuvanga Ashalt biragoye, ariko tugomba kugira uburyo bwo gukora bwo guhangana ningorane, duhora dushakisha inzira zo gukemura ibibazo, kandi tugatanga umusanzu mubikorwa byigihugu cyanjye.